basic/log: do not treat all negative errnos as synthetic

Currently, IS_SYNTHETIC_ERRNO() evaluates to true for all negative errnos,
because of the two's-complement negative value representation.
Subsequently, ERRNO= is not logged for most of our own code.
Let's fix this, by formatting all synthetic errnos as positive.
Then, treat all negative values as non-synthetic.

While at it, mark the evaluation order explicitly, and remove
unneeded comment.

Fixes #33800

src/basic/log.h

@@ -35,9 +35,8 @@ typedef enum LogTarget{
  * used as a regular log level. */
 #define LOG_NULL (LOG_EMERG - 1)
 
-/* Note to readers: << and >> have lower precedence (are evaluated earlier) than & and | */
-#define SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(num)                (1 << 30 | (num))
-#define IS_SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(val)             ((val) >> 30 & 1)
+#define SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(num)                (abs(num) | (1 << 30))
+#define IS_SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(val)             (((val) >> 30) == 1)
 #define ERRNO_VALUE(val)                    (abs(val) & ~(1 << 30))
 
 /* The callback function to be invoked when syntax warnings are seen