cryptenroll,cryptsetup,shutdown: only call mlockall if we have CAP_IPC_LOCK

Calling mlockall in an unprivileged process most notably had the effect
of making systemd-cryptenroll OOM while trying to open a normal-sized
argon2 keyslot due to it hitting RLIMIT_MEMLOCK.

src/basic/process-util.c

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <pthread.h>
 #include <spawn.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/personality.h>
 #include <sys/prctl.h>
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "alloc-util.h"
 #include "architecture.h"
 #include "argv-util.h"
+#include "capability-util.h"
 #include "cgroup-util.h"
 #include "dirent-util.h"
 #include "dlfcn-util.h"
@@ -2227,6 +2229,26 @@ int proc_dir_read_pidref(DIR *d, PidRef *ret) {
         return 0;
 }
 
+int safe_mlockall(int flags) {
+        int r;
+
+        /* When dealing with sensitive data, let's lock ourselves into memory. We do this only when
+         * privileged however, as otherwise the amount of lockable memory that RLIMIT_MEMLOCK grants us is
+         * frequently too low to make this work. The resource limit has no effect on CAP_IPC_LOCK processes,
+         * hence that's the capability we check for. */
+        r = have_effective_cap(CAP_IPC_LOCK);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to determine if we have CAP_IPC_LOCK: %m");
+        if (r == 0)
+                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Lacking CAP_IPC_LOCK, skipping mlockall().");
+
+        if (mlockall(flags) < 0)
+                return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to call mlockall(): %m");
+
+        log_debug("Successfully called mlockall().");
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static const char *const sigchld_code_table[] = {
         [CLD_EXITED] = "exited",
         [CLD_KILLED] = "killed",

src/basic/process-util.h

@@ -257,5 +257,7 @@ int proc_dir_open(DIR **ret);
 int proc_dir_read(DIR *d, pid_t *ret);
 int proc_dir_read_pidref(DIR *d, PidRef *ret);
 
+int safe_mlockall(int flags);
+
 _noreturn_ void report_errno_and_exit(int errno_fd, int error);
 int read_errno(int errno_fd);