btrfs: beef-up btrfs support with a limited understanding of quota

With this change we understand more than just leaf quota groups for
btrfs file systems. Specifically:

- When we create a subvolume we can now optionally add the new subvolume
  to all qgroups its parent subvolume was member of too. Alternatively
  it is also possible to insert an intermediary quota group between the
  parent's qgroups and the subvolume's leaf qgroup, which is useful for
  a concept of "subtree" qgroups, that contain a subvolume and all its
  children.

- The remove logic for subvolumes has been updated to optionally remove
  any leaf qgroups or "subtree" qgroups, following the logic above.

- The snapshot logic for subvolumes has been updated to replicate the
  original qgroup setup of the source, if it follows the "subtree"
  design described above. It will not cover qgroup setups that introduce
  arbitrary qgroups, especially those orthogonal to the subvolume
  hierarchy.

This also tries to be more graceful when setting up /var/lib/machines as
btrfs. For example, if mkfs.btrfs is missing we don't even try to set it
up as loopback device.

Fixes #1559
Fixes #1129

src/basic/path-util.c

@@ -796,14 +796,11 @@ bool paths_check_timestamp(const char* const* paths, usec_t *timestamp, bool upd
         return changed;
 }
 
-int fsck_exists(const char *fstype) {
+static int binary_is_good(const char *binary) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *d = NULL;
-        const char *checker;
         int r;
 
-        checker = strjoina("fsck.", fstype);
-
-        r = find_binary(checker, true, &p);
+        r = find_binary(binary, true, &p);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
@@ -820,6 +817,22 @@ int fsck_exists(const char *fstype) {
         return 0;
 }
 
+int fsck_exists(const char *fstype) {
+        const char *checker;
+
+        checker = strjoina("fsck.", fstype);
+
+        return binary_is_good(checker);
+}
+
+int mkfs_exists(const char *fstype) {
+        const char *mkfs;
+
+        mkfs = strjoina("mkfs.", fstype);
+
+        return binary_is_good(mkfs);
+}
+
 char *prefix_root(const char *root, const char *path) {
         char *n, *p;
         size_t l;