fundamental: move several macros and functions into src/fundamental/

sd-boot has a copy of a subset of codes from libbasic. This makes
sd-boot share the code with libbasic, and dedup the code.

Note, startswith_no_case() is dropped from sd-boot, as
- it is not used,
- the previous implementation is not correct,
- gnu-efi does not have StrniCmp() or so.

src/basic/alloc-util.h

@@ -158,15 +158,6 @@ void* greedy_realloc0(void **p, size_t *allocated, size_t need, size_t size);
                 (void*)memset(_new_, 0, _xsize_);                       \
         })
 
-/* Takes inspiration from Rust's Option::take() method: reads and returns a pointer, but at the same time
- * resets it to NULL. See: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/enum.Option.html#method.take */
-#define TAKE_PTR(ptr)                           \
-        ({                                      \
-                typeof(ptr) _ptr_ = (ptr);      \
-                (ptr) = NULL;                   \
-                _ptr_;                          \
-        })
-
 #if HAS_FEATURE_MEMORY_SANITIZER
 #  define msan_unpoison(r, s) __msan_unpoison(r, s)
 #else