We don't have plural in the name of any other -util files and this
inconsistency trips me up every time I try to type this file name
from memory. "formats-util" is even hard to pronounce.
This reverts some changes introduced in d054f0a4d4.
xsprintf should be used in cases where we calculated the right buffer
size by hand (using DECIMAL_STRING_MAX and such), and never in cases where
we are printing externally specified strings of arbitrary length.
Fixes#4534.
Various things don't work when we're running in a user namespace, but it's
pretty hard to reliably detect if that is true.
A function is added which looks at /proc/self/uid_map and returns false
if the default "0 0 UINT32_MAX" is found, and true if it finds anything else.
This misses the case where an 1:1 mapping with the full range was used, but
I don't know how to distinguish this case.
'systemd-detect-virt --private-users' is very similar to
'systemd-detect-virt --chroot', but we check for a user namespace instead.
This stripping is contolled by a new boolean parameter. When the parameter
is true, it means that the caller does not care about the distinction between
initrd and real root, and wants to act on both rd-dot-prefixed and unprefixed
parameters in the initramfs, and only on the unprefixed parameters in real
root. If the parameter is false, behaviour is the same as before.
Changes by caller:
log.c (systemd.log_*): changed to accept rd-dot-prefix params
pid1: no change, custom logic
cryptsetup-generator: no change, still accepts rd-dot-prefix params
debug-generator: no change, does not accept rd-dot-prefix params
fsck: changed to accept rd-dot-prefix params
fstab-generator: no change, custom logic
gpt-auto-generator: no change, custom logic
hibernate-resume-generator: no change, does not accept rd-dot-prefix params
journald: changed to accept rd-dot-prefix params
modules-load: no change, still accepts rd-dot-prefix params
quote-check: no change, does not accept rd-dot-prefix params
udevd: no change, still accepts rd-dot-prefix params
I added support for "rd." params in the three cases where I think it's
useful: logging, fsck options, journald forwarding options.
It's a common pattern, so add a helper for it. A macro is necessary
because a function that takes a pointer to a pointer would be type specific,
similarly to cleanup functions. Seems better to use a macro.
Allowed paths are unified betwen the configuration file parses and the bus
property checker. The biggest change is that the bus code now allows "block-"
and "char-" classes. In addition, path_startswith("/dev") was used in the bus
code, and startswith("/dev") was used in the config file code. It seems
reasonable to use path_startswith() which allows a slightly broader class of
strings.
Fixes#3935.
This makes it easier to debug failed nspawn invocations:
Mounting sysfs on /var/lib/machines/fedora-rawhide/sys (MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV "")...
Mounting tmpfs on /var/lib/machines/fedora-rawhide/dev (MS_NOSUID|MS_STRICTATIME "mode=755,uid=1450901504,gid=1450901504")...
Mounting tmpfs on /var/lib/machines/fedora-rawhide/dev/shm (MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV|MS_STRICTATIME "mode=1777,uid=1450901504,gid=1450901504")...
Mounting tmpfs on /var/lib/machines/fedora-rawhide/run (MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV|MS_STRICTATIME "mode=755,uid=1450901504,gid=1450901504")...
Bind-mounting /sys/fs/selinux on /var/lib/machines/fedora-rawhide/sys/fs/selinux (MS_BIND "")...
Remounting /var/lib/machines/fedora-rawhide/sys/fs/selinux (MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV|MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT "")...
Mounting proc on /proc (MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV "")...
Bind-mounting /proc/sys on /proc/sys (MS_BIND "")...
Remounting /proc/sys (MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV|MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT "")...
Bind-mounting /proc/sysrq-trigger on /proc/sysrq-trigger (MS_BIND "")...
Remounting /proc/sysrq-trigger (MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV|MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT "")...
Mounting tmpfs on /tmp (MS_STRICTATIME "mode=1777,uid=0,gid=0")...
Mounting tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup (MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV|MS_STRICTATIME "mode=755,uid=0,gid=0")...
Mounting cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd (MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV "none,name=systemd,xattr")...
Failed to mount cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd (MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV "none,name=systemd,xattr"): No such file or directory
SIGTERM should be considered a clean exit code for daemons (i.e. long-running
processes, as a daemon without SIGTERM handler may be shut down without issues
via SIGTERM still) while it should not be considered a clean exit code for
commands (i.e. short-running processes).
Let's add two different clean checking modes for this, and use the right one at
the appropriate places.
Fixes: #4275
Let's get rid of is_clean_exit_lsb(), let's move the logic for the special
handling of the two LSB exit codes into the sysv-generator by writing out
appropriate SuccessExitStatus= lines if the LSB header exists. This is not only
semantically more correct, bug also fixes a bug as the code in service.c that
chose between is_clean_exit_lsb() and is_clean_exit() based this check on
whether a native unit files was available for the unit. However, that check was
bogus since a long time, since the SysV generator was introduced and native
SysV script support was removed from PID 1, as in that case a unit file always
existed.
Do not make up our own type for ExitStatus, but use the type used by POSIX for
this, which is "int". In particular as we never used that type outside of the
definition of exit_status_to_string() where we internally cast the paramter to
(int) every single time we used it.
Hence, let's simplify things, drop the type and use the kernel type directly.
This adds a new invocation ID concept to the service manager. The invocation ID
identifies each runtime cycle of a unit uniquely. A new randomized 128bit ID is
generated each time a unit moves from and inactive to an activating or active
state.
The primary usecase for this concept is to connect the runtime data PID 1
maintains about a service with the offline data the journal stores about it.
Previously we'd use the unit name plus start/stop times, which however is
highly racy since the journal will generally process log data after the service
already ended.
The "invocation ID" kinda matches the "boot ID" concept of the Linux kernel,
except that it applies to an individual unit instead of the whole system.
The invocation ID is passed to the activated processes as environment variable.
It is additionally stored as extended attribute on the cgroup of the unit. The
latter is used by journald to automatically retrieve it for each log logged
message and attach it to the log entry. The environment variable is very easily
accessible, even for unprivileged services. OTOH the extended attribute is only
accessible to privileged processes (this is because cgroupfs only supports the
"trusted." xattr namespace, not "user."). The environment variable may be
altered by services, the extended attribute may not be, hence is the better
choice for the journal.
Note that reading the invocation ID off the extended attribute from journald is
racy, similar to the way reading the unit name for a logging process is.
This patch adds APIs to read the invocation ID to sd-id128:
sd_id128_get_invocation() may be used in a similar fashion to
sd_id128_get_boot().
PID1's own logging is updated to always include the invocation ID when it logs
information about a unit.
A new bus call GetUnitByInvocationID() is added that allows retrieving a bus
path to a unit by its invocation ID. The bus path is built using the invocation
ID, thus providing a path for referring to a unit that is valid only for the
current runtime cycleof it.
Outlook for the future: should the kernel eventually allow passing of cgroup
information along AF_UNIX/SOCK_DGRAM messages via a unique cgroup id, then we
can alter the invocation ID to be generated as hash from that rather than
entirely randomly. This way we can derive the invocation race-freely from the
messages.
Let's make sure people invoking STRV_FOREACH_BACKWARDS() as a single statement
of an if statement don't fall into a trap, and find the tail for the list via
strv_length().
RISC-V is an open source ISA in development since 2010 at UCB.
For more information, see https://riscv.org/
I am adding RISC-V support to Fedora:
https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/RISC-V
There are three major variants of the architecture (32-, 64- and
128-bit). The 128-bit variant is a paper exercise, but the other
two really exist in silicon. RISC-V is always little endian.
On Linux, the default kernel uname(2) can return "riscv" for all
variants. However a patch was added recently which makes the kernel
return one of "riscv32" or "riscv64" (or in future "riscv128"). So
systemd should be prepared to handle any of "riscv", "riscv32" or
"riscv64" (in future, "riscv128" but that is not included in the
current patch). If the kernel returns "riscv" then you need to use
the pointer size in order to know the real variant.
The Fedora/RISC-V kernel only ever returns "riscv64" since we're
only doing Fedora for 64 bit at the moment, and we've patched the
kernel so it doesn't return "riscv".
As well as the major bitsize variants, there are also architecture
extensions. However I'm trying to ensure that uname(2) does *not*
return any other information about those in utsname.machine, so that
we don't end up with "riscv64abcde" nonsense. Instead those
extensions will be exposed in /proc/cpuinfo similar to how flags
work in x86.
Let's drop the caching of the setgroups /proc field for now. While there's a
strict regime in place when it changes states, let's better not cache it since
we cannot really be sure we follow that regime correctly.
More importantly however, this is not in performance sensitive code, and
there's no indication the cache is really beneficial, hence let's drop the
caching and make things a bit simpler.
Also, while we are at it, rework the error handling a bit, and always return
negative errno-style error codes, following our usual coding style. This has
the benefit that we can sensible hanld read_one_line_file() errors, without
having to updat errno explicitly.
As suggested here:
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/4296#issuecomment-251911349
Let's try AF_INET first as socket, but let's fall back to AF_NETLINK, so that
we can use a protocol-independent socket here if possible. This has the benefit
that our code will still work even if AF_INET/AF_INET6 is made unavailable (for
exmple via seccomp), at least on current kernels.
If the new item is inserted before the first item in the list, then the
head must be updated as well.
Add a test to the list unit test to check for this.
This adds logic to chase symlinks for all mount points that shall be created in
a namespace environment in userspace, instead of leaving this to the kernel.
This has the advantage that we can correctly handle absolute symlinks that
shall be taken relative to a specific root directory. Moreover, we can properly
handle mounts created on symlinked files or directories as we can merge their
mounts as necessary.
(This also drops the "done" flag in the namespace logic, which was never
actually working, but was supposed to permit a partial rollback of the
namespace logic, which however is only mildly useful as it wasn't clear in
which case it would or would not be able to roll back.)
Fixes: #3867
Previously, if ReadWritePaths= was nested inside a ReadOnlyPaths=
specification, then we'd first recursively apply the ReadOnlyPaths= paths, and
make everything below read-only, only in order to then flip the read-only bit
again for the subdirs listed in ReadWritePaths= below it.
This is not only ugly (as for the dirs in question we first turn on the RO bit,
only to turn it off again immediately after), but also problematic in
containers, where a container manager might have marked a set of dirs read-only
and this code will undo this is ReadWritePaths= is set for any.
With this patch behaviour in this regard is altered: ReadOnlyPaths= will not be
applied to the children listed in ReadWritePaths= in the first place, so that
we do not need to turn off the RO bit for those after all.
This means that ReadWritePaths=/ReadOnlyPaths= may only be used to turn on the
RO bit, but never to turn it off again. Or to say this differently: if some
dirs are marked read-only via some external tool, then ReadWritePaths= will not
undo it.
This is not only the safer option, but also more in-line with what the man page
currently claims:
"Entries (files or directories) listed in ReadWritePaths= are
accessible from within the namespace with the same access rights as
from outside."
To implement this change bind_remount_recursive() gained a new "blacklist"
string list parameter, which when passed may contain subdirs that shall be
excluded from the read-only mounting.
A number of functions are updated to add more debug logging to make this more
digestable.
