otherwise we might mark tests where something crashes during shutdown as
successful, as happened in one of the recent TEST-01-BASIC runs:
```
testsuite-01.service: About to execute rm -f /failed /testok
testsuite-01.service: Forked rm as 606
testsuite-01.service: Executing: rm -f /failed /testoktestsuite-01.service: Changed dead -> start-pre
Starting TEST-01-BASIC...
...
Child 606 (rm) died (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
testsuite-01.service: Child 606 belongs to testsuite-01.service.
testsuite-01.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS (success)
testsuite-01.service: Got final SIGCHLD for state start-pre.
testsuite-01.service: Passing 0 fds to service
testsuite-01.service: About to execute sh -e -x -c "systemctl --state=failed --no-legend --no-pager >/failed ; systemctl daemon-reload ; echo OK >/testok"
testsuite-01.service: Forked sh as 607
testsuite-01.service: Changed start-pre -> start
testsuite-01.service: Executing: sh -e -x -c "systemctl --state=failed --no-legend --no-pager >/failed ; systemctl daemon-reload ; echo OK >/testok"systemd-journald.service: Got notification message from PID 560 (FDSTORE=1)S
...
testsuite-01.service: Child 607 belongs to testsuite-01.service.
testsuite-01.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS (success)
testsuite-01.service: Deactivated successfully.
testsuite-01.service: Service will not restart (restart setting)
testsuite-01.service: Changed start -> dead
testsuite-01.service: Job 207 testsuite-01.service/start finished, result=done
[ OK ] Finished TEST-01-BASIC.
...
end.service: About to execute /bin/sh -x -c "systemctl poweroff --no-block"
end.service: Forked /bin/sh as 623end.service: Executing: /bin/sh -x -c "systemctl poweroff --no-block"
...
end.service: Job 213 end.service/start finished, result=canceled
Caught <SEGV>, dumped core as pid 624.
Freezing execution.
CentOS Linux 8
Kernel 4.18.0-305.12.1.el8_4.x86_64 on an x86_64 (ttyS0)
H login: qemu-kvm: terminating on signal 15 from pid 80134 (timeout)
E: Test timed out after 600s
Spawning getter /root/systemd/build/journalctl -o export -D /var/tmp/systemd-test.0UYjAS/root/var/log/journal/ca6031c2491543fe8286c748258df8d1...
Finishing after writing 15125 entries
Spawning getter /root/systemd/build/journalctl -o export -D /var/tmp/systemd-test.0UYjAS/root/var/log/journal/remote...
Finishing after writing 0 entries
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 25165824 Aug 20 12:26 /var/tmp/systemd-test.0UYjAS/system.journal
TEST-01-BASIC RUN: Basic systemd setup [OK]
...
--threshold option added to work with security verb and with the --offline option so that
users can determine what qualifies as a security threat. The threshold set by the user is
compared with the overall exposure level assigned to a unit file and if the exposure is
higher than the threshold, 'security' will return a non-zero exit status. The default value
of the --threshold option is 100.
Example Run:
1. testcase.service is a unit file created for testing the --threshold option
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ cat<<EOF>testcase.service
> [Service]
> ExecStart = echo hello
> EOF
For the purposes of this demo, the security table outputted below has been cut to show only the first two security settings.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze security --offline=true testcase.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's
process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'.
Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your
unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating
/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
NAME DESCRIPTION EXPOSURE
✗ PrivateNetwork= Service has access to the host's network 0.5
✗ User=/DynamicUser= Service runs as root user 0.4
→ Overall exposure level for testcase.service: 9.6 UNSAFE 😨
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ echo $? 0
2. Next, we use the same testcase.service file but add an additional --threshold=60 parameter. We would expect 'security' to exit
with a non-zero status because the overall exposure level (= 96) is higher than the set threshold (= 60).
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze security --offline=true --threshold=60 testcase.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's
process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'.
Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your
unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating
/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
NAME DESCRIPTION EXPOSURE
✗ PrivateNetwork= Service has access to the host's network 0.5
✗ User=/DynamicUser= Service runs as root user 0.4
→ Overall exposure level for testcase.service: 9.6 UNSAFE 😨
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ echo $? 1
New option --offline which works with the 'security' command and takes in a boolean value. When set to true,
it performs an offline security review of the specified unit file(s). It does not rely on PID 1 to acquire
security information for the files like 'security' when used by itself does. It makes use of the refactored
security_info struct instead (commit #8cd669d3d3cf1b5e8667acc46ba290a9e8a8e529). This means that --offline can be
used with --image and --root as well. When used with --threshold, if a unit's overall exposure level is above
that set by the user, the default value being 100, --offline returns a non-zero exit status.
Example Run:
1. testcase.service is a unit file created for testing the --offline option
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ cat<<EOF>testcase.service
> [Service]
> ExecStart = echo hello
> EOF
For the purposes of this demo, the security table outputted below has been cut to show only the first two security settings.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze security --offline=true testcase.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's
process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'.
Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your
unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating
/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
NAME DESCRIPTION EXPOSURE
✗ PrivateNetwork= Service has access to the host's network 0.5
✗ User=/DynamicUser= Service runs as root user 0.4
→ Overall exposure level for testcase.service: 9.6 UNSAFE 😨
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ echo $? 0
2. The testcase.service unit file is modified to set PrivateNetwork to "yes". This reduces the exposure level from 9.6 to 9.1.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ nano testcase.service
> [Service]
> ExecStart = echo hello
> PrivateNetwork = yes
> EOF
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze security --offline=true testcase.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's
process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'.
Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your
unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating
/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
NAME DESCRIPTION EXPOSURE
✓ PrivateNetwork= Service has access to the host's network
✗ User=/DynamicUser= Service runs as root user 0.4
→ Overall exposure level for testcase.service: 9.1 UNSAFE 😨
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ echo $? 0
3. Next, we use the same testcase.service unit file but add the additional --threshold=60 option to see how --threshold works with
--offline. Since the overall exposure level is 91 which is greater than the threshold value set by the user (= 60), we can expect
a non-zero exit status.
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ sudo build/systemd-analyze security --offline=true --threshold=60 testcase.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:15: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's
process lifecycle management for the service. Please update your service to use a safer KillMode=, such as 'mixed' or 'control-group'.
Support for KillMode=none is deprecated and will eventually be removed.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/gdm.service:30: Standard output type syslog is obsolete, automatically updating to journal. Please update your
unit file, and consider removing the setting altogether.
/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbus.socket:5: ListenStream= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating
/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket → /run/dbus/system_bus_socket; please update the unit file accordingly.
NAME DESCRIPTION EXPOSURE
✓ PrivateNetwork= Service has access to the host's network
✗ User=/DynamicUser= Service runs as root user 0.4
→ Overall exposure level for testcase.service: 9.1 UNSAFE 😨
maanya-goenka@debian:~/systemd (systemd-security)$ echo $? 1
In the original implementation of the security_info struct, the struct variables receive its values
via dbus protocol. We want to make use of existing structs ExecContext, Unit, and CGroupContext to
assign values to the security_info variables instead of relying on dbus for the same. This is possible since these
pre-defined structs already contain all the variables that security_info needs to perform security reviews on
unit files that are passed to it in the command line.
Callers to linux_exec() are actually passing an EFI_HANDLE, not a pointer to
it. linux_efi_handover(), which is called by linux_exec(), also expects an
EFI_HANDLE.
We're only doing one thing in the child process which is connecting
to the D-Bus socket so let's mention that in the error message when
something goes wrong instead of having a generic error message.
Previously, when the connect() call in (sd-buscntr) failed, we returned
-EPROTO without ever reading the actual errno from the error pipe. To fix
the issue, delay checking the process exit status until after we've read
and processed any error from the error pipe.
Add support for systemd-pkcs11 based LUKS2 device activation
via libcryptsetup plugin. This make the feature (pkcs11 sealed
LUKS2 keyslot passphrase) usable from both systemd utilities
and cryptsetup cli.
The feature is configured via -Dlibcryptsetup-plugins combo
with default value set to 'auto'. It get's enabled automatically
when cryptsetup 2.4.0 or later is installed in build system.
Future systemd-pkcs11 plugin requires unlock via single
call with supplied pin. To reduce needless code duplication
in plugin itself split original pkcs_11_token_login call in
two calls:
new pkcs11_token_login_by_pin and the former where loop
for retrying via PIN query callback remains.
Add support for systemd-fido2 based LUKS2 device activation
via libcryptsetup plugin. This make the feature (fido2 sealed
LUKS2 keyslot passphrase) usable from both systemd utilities
and cryptsetup cli.
The feature is configured via -Dlibcryptsetup-plugins combo
with default value set to 'auto'. It get's enabled automatically
when cryptsetup 2.4.0 or later is installed in build system.
as per docs snprintf() can fail in which case it returns -1. The
snprintf_ok() macro so far unconditionally cast the return value of
snprintf() to size_t, which would turn -1 to (size_t) INT_MAX,
presumably, at least on 2 complements system.
Let's be more careful with types here, and first check if return value
is positive, before casting to size_t.
Also, while we are at it, let's return the input buffer as return value
or NULL instead of 1 or 0. It's marginally more useful, but more
importantly, is more inline with most of our other codebase that
typically doesn't use booleans to signal success.
All uses of snprintf_ok() don't care for the type of the return, hence
this change does not propagate anywhere else.
This commit introduces all the logic to load and attach the BPF
programs to restrict network interfaces when a unit specifying it is
loaded.
Signed-off-by: Mauricio Vásquez <mauricio@kinvolk.io>
Yu Watanabe
Frantisek Sumsal
Lennart Poettering
Jan Janssen
Maanya Goenka
Alfonso Sánchez-Beato
Daan De Meyer
Luca Boccassi
Mauricio Vásquez
Ondrej Kozina
Hela Basa