1ed34d75d4f21d2335c5625261954c848d176ae6
The new flag returns the O_PATH fd of the final component, which may be converted into a proper fd by open()ing it again through the /proc/self/fd/xyz path. Together with O_SAFE this provides us with a somewhat safe way to open() files in directories potentially owned by unprivileged code, where we want to refuse operation if any symlink tricks are played pointing to privileged files.
systemd - System and Service Manager
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